Abstract: (The Concept of Crisis Reflected in the Confessional Life of the Banate of Caransebeș-Lugoj) For the Highland Banat, the 1552-1658 interval coincided with the existence of the Banate of Caransebeș-Lugoj. An autonomous administrative unit with a predominantly Romanian elite, the Banate of Caransebeș-Lugoj represents a special case in the late medieval and early modern history of Romania, which has long been insufficiently researched by Romanian historiography. Confessionally speaking, this period is characterized by a diversifying religious landscape under the Reformation’s impact. The present paper aims to analyze how the concept of crisis is reflected in the confessional landscape of the Banate of Caransebeș-Lugoj. The period was marked by the aggressive push of Calvinism by the authorities, as well as by the Catholicism’s counteroffensive (manifested in particular through the activity of the Jesuits). Despite scoring some success among the elites, the two denominations failed to gain significant support among the Orthodox majority of the population. Orthodoxy has had its own crisis, manifested in the jurisdiction conflict between the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople and the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć. Also discussed is the short-lived attempt by the ban Toma Turnea to impose Unitarianism, as well as the continued practice of the Hindu religion among the Roma community, as suggested by sources such as Giovanandrea Gromo. Therefore, a confessional life characterized by crisis at multiple levels, both inter- and intra-confessional. The approach is based on a comparative and qualitative research of the information provided by documents and narrative sources, without neglecting the academic literature on this topic.