Abstract: (Italian Generals in the Habsburg Army in the Fight for the Liberation of Banat from the Turks in the Late Seventeenth and Early Eighteenth Centuries) The emperors of the Habsburg Empire were the favorite candidates for the throne of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and were fierce supporters of Catholicism, relying in their expansionist policy often on Italian mercenaries, especially on the military experienced leaders. Perhaps their contribution to the Great Turkish War (1683-1699) was most evident. We will focus on some important names of Italian generals who became involved on the Banat front and whose exceptional military career has gone trough the history: Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Luigi Ferdinando de Marsigli, Frederico Ambrosius Veterani, Aeneas Sylvius de Caprara, Antonio Caraffa, Eugeniu de Savoia-Carignano. They remained at the time, among the Christian military, the only ones who still believed in the return of the European prestige of Catholicism, were against the Protestant Reformation of any color and were convinced of an inner modernization of the Catholic Church. For Banat and Transylvania, their passage at the head of the armies of mercenaries through the area meant the scholarly recording of the first descriptions of these territories, the appearance of the first maps and plans of cities and new lands.