Abstract: (Identity and diversity in the works of Ricardo Palma, Clorinda Matto de Turner and Manuel González Prada) Ricardo Palma, Clorinda Matto de Turner and Manuel González Prada are three Peruvian authors that have in common the use of previous cultural information for their projects to define the national Peruvian identity. They merged literature and history and they recovered the Inca past in order to demonstrate that in the existing diversity of the country lies the essence of the nation. Ricardo Palma, through his Tradiciones, gives an overview of all the history of Perú, from the Inca past to the Independence, Manuel González Prada criticises the extensión of the colonial system during the Republic and he writes Baladas as a testimony of the suffering of the indigenous people submitted to injustice and cruelty during the process of Conquest and Colony, Clorinda Matto de Turner inaugurates the literary indigenism with Aves sin nido and through her whole writtings, she pursued the incorporation of the indigenous as part of the Peruvian nation because they were subjected to the suffering and the ignorance and this incorporation ment the homogenization of the racial and social differences. The objective of these three authors has been the construction of an inclusive Peruvian nationalism where diversity was not a glitch but an essential condition for the definition of the national Peruvian identity characterized by its cultural, literary and historical richness.