Abstract: (Communist activity in Banat in the last months of 1944) In Banat, during this period, there is a growing sympathy of the population towards P.S.D. in the urban environment and, respectively, of the P.N.Ţ, in the rural environment. The National-Liberal Party had been in the background since 1938. Founder of the Single Workers' Front, on May 1, 1944, the Banat regional organization of the Communist Party would constantly try, after returning to legality (August 23, 1944), to minimize the influence of the Social Democrats on the unions in the area, to gain supremacy within the FUM and to eliminate people who did not share the communist ideology of business management, administration and the army. In all the counties of Banat (Caraș, Severin and Timiș-Torontal), in the last months of 1944, the Communist Party was particularly concerned with expanding its mass base by attracting certain categories of workers and peasants to its side. The Communists also closely monitored their mass organizations (Plowmen's Front, Patriotic Defense, Patriots Union, Madosz, Jewish Democratic Committee, etc.), organized large demonstrations under the auspices of the Single Workers' Front, in favor of the installation. a government of the National Democratic Front, a new coalition, in which they played, this time, a preponderant role (they were also part of the National Democratic Bloc, formed on June 20, 1944, along with the National Peasant Party, the National Liberal Party and the Social Party -Democrat) and were concerned with administrative "purification", considered an indispensable step in taking control of important institutions. However, the popularity of the communists was still quite low in the first months after the August 23, 1944 coup. With the support of Moscow and Soviet leader Stalin, the Communists will begin the assault on power, completed on March 6, 1945, by imposing the first pro-communist cabinet in Romanian history, led by Dr. Petru Groza, president of the Plowmen's Front.