Abstract: (Brederode and Mateiu Caragiale. Martinho de Brederode, poet, ambassador and literary character). The scion of one of the most famous Portuguese aristocratic families, with an equal Dutch lineage, Martinho de Brederode attended, during 1883-1884, the first year's classes of Coimbra University, only to obey the family tradition as to pursue a career in the Navy. In 1899 he began his life-long diplomatic career and, in between two appointments abroad, he succeeded to write three volumes of poetry, then quite an useful achievement to ensure high positions, either in the public service or in diplomacy. During his diplomatic stay in Bucharest, 1919-1933, Brederode became acquainted with the great playwright Caragiale's son, Mateiu, himself a poet and author to be of a single novel. Brederode occasionally employed Mateiu Caragiale for various jobs, manly translations of diplomatic propaganda to be published by the Romanian press. For a certain time, the Romanian writer became his confident and friend. This friendship between a Portuguese diplomat and a "marron diplomat", which Mateiu Caragiale had always struggled to become and had never succeeded, was the inspiring source for one of the most fascinating characters of Craii de Curte Veche, Pantazi. This presumed Levantine is nobody else but the mirror reflex of the Portuguese-Dutch aristocrat Martinho de Brederode.